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 Biostatistics 140.654
 Methods in Biostatistics IV

  Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

   
    Final exam solution
   

Fourth Term
March 24 - May 16, 2008



LECTURER

Karen Bandeen-Roche, PhD
Department of Biostatistics, Hygiene E3624
Johns Hopkins University
Bloomberg School of Public Health
phone: 410-955-1166
e-mail: kbandeen@jhsph.edu
fax: 410-955-0958
Office Hours:  Thurs: 1:15 - 2:30 pm

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LECTURES:

10:30 AM - 12:00 PM Tuesday, Thursday
Room W4030

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LABS for review, auxiliary material questions, and help with the problem sets:

 

Tuesdays,

12:15 PM - 1:00 PM

 W4030  

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TEACHING ASSISTANTS/LAB INSTRUCTORS:

  • Yong Chen

  • Marie Thoma

  • Hao Wu


OFFICE HOURS for Teaching Assistants:      

  • Mon, 3 - 4 pm,  TBA

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WEB SITE:

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TEXTBOOKS:

  • FEH: Harrell, F.E. (2001), Regression Modeling Strategies, With Applications to Linear Models, Logistic Regression, and Survival Analysis, New York: Springer.

Suggested Supplemental Books:

  • Breslow, N.E. & Day, N.E. (1980), The Analysis of Case-Control Studies, Oxford University Press.

  • Breslow, N.E. & Day, N.E. (1987), Design and Analysis of Cohort Studies, Oxford University Press.

  • Cox, D.R. and Snell, E.J. (1981), Applied Statistics, Principles and Examples, New York: Chapman and Hall.

  • Dobson, A.J. (1983), An Introduction to Generalized Linear Models, New York: John Wiley & Sons.

  • Hosmer, D.W. & Lemeshow, S. (2000), Applied Logistic Regression, 2nd edition, New York: Wiley.
    http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/bookhome/109855848

  • McCullagh P. and Nelder J.A. (1989), Generalized Linear Models, 2nd. Ed., Chapman and Hall.

  • Santner T.J. and Duffy D.E. (1989), The Statistical Analysis of Discrete Data, New York: Springer-Verlag.

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GRADING

Homework assignments
    Same policy as for Biostatistics 653–
    Best 3 out of 4 EXCEPT that Homework 4   
    MUST BE SUBMITTED
40%


Project (1) and Final (1) Exam


60%
     Weighted to higher of: 100% Final OR
     50% Final, 50% Project
     e.g. Project is optional
     NOTE: Project is mandatory for Biostatistics
                degree students
 

Guaranteed grades:
 
    A = 90% on both components  
    B = 80% on both components       
    C = 70% on both components  

Guaranteed grades are as for Biostatistics 140.653.
Curve may also be implemented.

There will be no extra or make-up credit, except as may occasionally be offered on homework assignments or exams

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PROJECT

DUE DATE: May 15 at noon.


A data analysis project may be submitted for 30% course credit. The primary analytic outcome(s) should be binary or counted, so that the project will draw primarily on the first two thirds of Biostatistics 654. The project consists of selecting a data set (preferably related to your own research or field), posing a substantive question of interest, analyzing the data to address the substantive question, and writing up findings
in a report. The report should include sections:

1. Introduction/Background (1-2 pages): describe (i) the scientific problem of interest; (ii) how the data set you will analyze arose and why it well addresses the scientific problem; (iii) motivation for specific potential confounders, mediators or effect modifiers; (iv) references to other work.
 

2. Aims (1/2 page): motivation and statement of the specific question(s) that you will address in your analysis. This section should make clear whether the primary goal is descriptive, inferential, or predictive; state any hypotheses. 
 

3. Methods (2 pages): (i) operationalization of the problem within a statistical model or sequence of models; (ii) description of analyses to be applied, including how each addresses the scientific question(s) or ensures meaningful interpretation.
 

4. Analysis (2-3 pages text, plus supporting tables/graphs): a report of analyses conducted, including description/graphs  and formal inference.
 

5. Conclusion (1-2 pages): summary/interpretation of findings, discussion of study limitations and implications.

        GRADING CRITERIA: Each section of the project will be graded as A, B, or C level on the criteria: clear/engaging narrative, correctness, completeness. The analysis section will count for 50% of score and the other sections equally for the other 50%. I will deduct credit for a trivial project topic; if you are concerned whether your project has sufficient content, please discuss it beforehand with
Dr. Bandeen-Roche.

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ETHICS POLICY:  Homework assignments

Please study together, and feel free to talk to one another about homework assignments. The mutual instruction that student colleagues give each other by doing this is among the most valuable that can be achieved. However, it is expected that homework assignments will be implemented and written up independently. Specifically, please do not share analytic code or output. Please do not collaborate on write-up and interpretation. Please do not access or use solutions from any source before your homework assignment is submitted for grading. Thanks. 

ETHICS POLICY:  Project

The project must be your own work. Papers that involve research in collaboration with others is permissible provided that all colleagues are acknowledged, you conduct all analyses you report independently, and you write up the work entirely on your own. The paper must follow ethical standards of scientific publication. Please cite references appropriately. Any narrative that is not your own must be placed in quotes and attributed to the source. Thanks in advance.

LATE POLICY:


Course requirement due dates for the term are provided below; occasionally they are modified for all based on course progress. Homeworks must be submitted on time to receive credit. Except for extraordinary crises, there will be no exceptions.

In general exams must also be taken at the scheduled time. At the instructor’s discretion, exceptions will be made for unforeseen personal illness, family health emergency or other crisis, or for unavoidable conflicting trips that are agreed at least three weeks in advance of the exam at issue.

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CALCULATOR:

  • Basic functions (+, -, x, /), logarithms and exponents, simple memory and recall, factorial key.

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REGISTER FOR COURSE e-MAIL:

  • To receive course announcements, all students must
    register an e-Mail address

Register e-mail

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COURSE DESCRIPTION:

Biostatistics 140.654 is a course in generalized linear regression analysis.  Foundational topics of the course include: generalized linear models and their uses; maximum likelihood estimation and inference; and model assumptions, diagnosis, and  interpretation. Specific topics include: logistic and Poisson regression, grouped and individual-level data, analysis for unmatched and matched case-control studies, analysis for cohort studies, and introductory survival analysis.

 

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COURSE OBJECTIVES:

Biostatistics 140.654 acquaints students with:

  • the definition, statistical assumptions, and interpretation of generalized linear regression models, specifically including logistic and Poisson regression and loglinear modeling
     
  • maximum likelihood (ML), conditional likelihood, and partial likelihood estimation, including the iteratively reweighted least squares implementation of ML
     

  • standard methods for making inferences on model parameters, including Wald testing and confidence interval construction, and likelihood ratio / deviance testing

Students will develop skills to:

  • build and fit generalized linear regression models and survival analyses using standard statistical software;
     

  • diagnose the appropriateness of their own and others' models for description, inference, and prediction;
     

  • analyze case-control, rate, & cohort data, recognizing special features of each;
     

  • sensibly interpret fits and inference for statistical and scientific importance.

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